Spoon the sauce into a deep platter and nestle the fish in it. Carefully flip over the fish onto the cooler side of the grill cook 2 to 4 minutes more for medium-rare. Cook the salmon over the hottest part of the grill for about 4 minutes, until nicely browned underneath. Oil the grill and both sides of each salmon steak sprinkle fish with salt. Set the cooking grate in place, cover the grill and let the grate heat for 5 minutes. Reduce the heat on one side of the gas grill to medium-low or set up the charcoal grill for indirect cooking by banking all of the coals to one side, leaving the other half of the grill empty. Preheat a gas grill to medium-high or light a charcoal fire and let it burn just until the coals are covered with gray ash and very hot. Reduce the heat to medium-low, stir in 1 cup water and simmer for 15 minutes. Simmer briskly, stirring, for about 5 minutes to evaporate some of the liquid. Raise the heat to medium-high and add the tomatoes, chopped thyme, lemon zest, and half of the olives, capers, and peppers. Add the onion and cook, stirring, until just beginning to brown, about 5 minutes. Prepare the sauce: Place oil in a saucepan over medium heat. Thankfully, several approaches can help cities keep their cool even amidst a changing climate.1. Urban heat islands are one of the most pressing issues facing cities today-and residents are feeling the heat. A model by the MIT Concrete Sustainability Hub estimated that, if widely implemented, cool pavements could reduce the frequency of heatwaves by 41% across all US urban areas. They are made of brighter materials, like concrete and light-colored aggregates, or have been treated with reflective coatings.
Cool roofs feature bright coatings that reflect more sunlight and, therefore, absorb less heat. 6Īnother option is to build cool roofs and pavements.
One study found that the presence of vegetation can lower nearby air temperatures by as much as around 4 ☏.
Island thyme deep heat install#
Cities can expand parkland, plant street trees, and install “green roofs” designed to harbor plant life. The most obvious way to fight the urban heat island effect is to reintroduce vegetation. To cope with higher temperatures, cars and buildings consume more energy-frequently via fossil fuels-which worsens air pollution and contributes to climate change. In addition to endangering city-dwellers, heat islands can also harm the environment. 4 These health impacts are often felt inequitably, with low-income and minority communities tending to live in areas more susceptible to heat islands. By heightening air temperatures and intensifying heatwaves, they can cause heat stroke and heat exhaustion as well as other illnesses, like heart attacks. Urban heat islands can pose significant health risks. The geometry of cities also contributes to heat islands: the narrow spaces between tall structures, known as urban canyons, can block wind and trap heat. Though much of that heat comes from the sunlight those surfaces receive, another source of heat is human activities-like power generation and the use of cars and air conditioners. 1 Instead, they tend to absorb and re-emit more heat, which makes their surroundings warmer too. The man-made surfaces that replace these features, however, tend not to have cooling effects. This vegetation, along with soil and water, also helps cool nearby air through “evaporative cooling,” which is a natural process by which evaporating water absorbs heat (much like sweat cools the human body). Trees and other plants, for instance, can lower air temperatures by providing shade. That’s because these natural surfaces help moderate air temperatures. This change in the local environment results in a corresponding change in the local climate. What causes urban heat islands?Īs cities grow, new development such as roads and buildings displace natural surfaces like trees, ponds, and soil. 2 And since nearly 70% of humanity will live in cities by 2050, 3 finding ways to alleviate urban heat islands has become even more pressing. As the planet warms, urban heat islands will only intensify those higher temperatures. People living in urban heat islands are especially vulnerable to the effects of climate change. 1 Scientists refer to areas afflicted by these higher temperatures as urban heat islands. 1 This difference continues well into the night, during which cities can still be as much as 5☏ warmer than the areas around them. On average, cities tend to be 1-7☏ warmer during the daytime. The urban heat island effect is a phenomenon whereby cities experience higher air temperatures than the surrounding countryside.
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